CEFR C1

determinism

noun

Meaning

The philosophical concept that every event, including human cognition, decision, and action, is causally determined by an unbroken chain of prior occurrences. This implies that given the state of the universe at any point in time, the future is fixed.

Examples

  • Hard determinism argues that free will is an illusion.
  • The debate between determinism and free will has occupied philosophers for centuries.

Synonyms: fatalism, predestination, causality, necessity