# mutation

**Pronunciation:** /mjuːˈteɪʃən/ · myoo-TAY-shun

**CEFR level:** C1

**Part of speech:** noun

## Meaning

A permanent, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene or chromosome, typically resulting in a functional change.

## Examples

- The scientists observed a spontaneous gene mutation that gave the bacteria antibiotic resistance.
- Some genetic disorders are caused by a single point mutation in a specific gene.
- Evolutionary theory posits that beneficial mutations are a driving force behind adaptation and speciation.

## Synonyms

- alteration — A general term for any change, not necessarily genetic.
- variation — A difference or deviation, often natural, within a species.
- anomaly — Something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected.
- aberration — A departure from what is normal, usual, or expected, typically an unwelcome one.

## Antonyms

- stability — The state of being resistant to change.
- constancy — The quality of being unchanging or steadfast.

## Collocations

- genetic mutation — A genetic mutation can lead to new traits in offspring.
- point mutation — Sickle cell anemia is caused by a single point mutation.
- spontaneous mutation — Spontaneous mutations occur randomly without external cause.
- beneficial mutation — A beneficial mutation can help a species adapt to its environment.

Canonical URL: https://anaversity.com/dictionary/english/mutations

[Browse the English learner dictionary](https://anaversity.com/dictionary/english)